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Education and life skills: focus on increasing girls’ enrolment, retention and completion of quality education and transition to work, increasing the perceived value of girls’ education. Delivered through schools or associated programmes. E.g. cash and in-kind transfers for education, targeted and tailored life skills for girls, capacity enhancement for teachers.

Gender and social norms: focus on engaging with individuals, families, communities and institutions to challenge discriminatory norms and promote gender equality, including around girls’ sexuality, economic roles and safety. E.g. discussion groups, community dialogues, male engagement, media and communication interventions.

Girl-focused approaches: focus on girls’ skills development, confidence building and support structures; promoting their rights, wellbeing and gender equality; and increasing alternatives to marriage. This may be through, access to education, health care, economic opportunities and decision-making. E.g. safe spaces, life skills sessions, savings start-ups.

Health - maternal and child, public health crises and broader health: focus on broader health to address maternal/child health, public health crises. E.g. COVID-19, Ebola.

Health - mental health and psychosocial support: focus on addressing mental health conditions related with child marriage. Mental health is an individual’s ability to cope and state of wellbeing in which they can build relationships and realise their own aspirations.

Health - sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR): focus on safe and healthy sexual behaviour, and access to services. E.g. comprehensive sexuality education, health and information services around prevention of unintended pregnancy, gender based violence, female genital mutilation / cutting and access to contraception.

Income and economic strengthening: focus on alleviating poverty and contributing to inclusive economic growth. E.g. cash transfers and economic incentives (to delay marriage and keep girls in school), social assistance, vocational training, favourable job markets.

Laws and policies: focus on reforms to establish girls’ and women’s rights, including through setting the minimum age of marriage at 18 years and ensuring access to justice. E.g. Legal support and advocacy, establishing gender-transformative family, property and inheritance laws, strengthening birth and marriage registration, ensuring access to child protection, education, sexual and reproductive rights and protection from gender-based violence.

Systems strengthening: focus on improving the capacity, efficiency and effectiveness of policies and services. Promoting cross-sectoral collaboration and coordination – including in health, education and social protection – to improve outcomes and impact for girls and women. E.g. capacity enhancement, policy and regulatory reforms, service delivery.